Cobalt coating quality balzers
Cobalt
CAS: 7440-48-4
Molecular Formula: Co
Cobalt coating quality balzers - Names and Identifiers
Cobalt coating quality balzers - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | Co |
| Molar Mass | 58.93 |
| Density | 8.9 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| Melting Point | 1495°C |
| Boling Point | 2900 °C (lit.) |
| Water Solubility | insoluble |
| Solubility | H2O: soluble |
| Vapor Presure | 0Pa at 20℃ |
| Appearance | wire |
| Specific Gravity | 8.9 |
| Color | Pink to red to violet |
| Exposure Limit | TLV-TWA 0.05 mg as Co/m3 (ACGIH) PEL-TWA: 0.05 mg as Co/m3 (NIOSH,OSHA) TLV-STEL 0.1 mg as Co/m3 (ACGIH) IDLH 20 mg as Co/m3 (NIOSH) . |
| Merck | 13,2452 |
| Storage Condition | no restrictions. |
| Stability | Stable, but pyrophoric in air when finely divided. Incompatible with acetylene, hydrazinium nitrate, oxidizing agents, acids. |
| Sensitive | Sensitive to light |
| MDL | MFCD00010935 |
| Use | Used for making superhard heat-resistant alloy and magnetic alloy, cobalt compound, Catalyst, etc |
Cobalt coating quality balzers - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R45 - May cause cancer R23/24/25 - Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R34 - Causes burns R53 - May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment R42/43 - May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact. R40 - Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect R36/37 - Irritating to eyes and respiratory system. R36/38 - Irritating to eyes and skin. R17 - Spontaneously flammable in air R11 - Highly Flammable R15 - Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases |
| Safety Description | S53 - Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. S23 - Do not breathe vapour. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S37 - Wear suitable gloves. S24 - Avoid contact with skin. S22 - Do not breathe dust. S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S5 - Keep contents under ... (there follows the name of a liquid). S43 - In case of fire use ... (there follows the type of fire-fighting equipment to be used.) |
| UN IDs | UN 3264 8/PG 3 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | GF8750000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 8105 20 00 |
| Hazard Class | 4.1 |
| Packing Group | III |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 6170 mg/kg |
Cobalt coating quality balzers - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Downstream Products | Cobaltous nitrate Potassium permanganate Cobalt Formate Cobaltic oxide Cobaltous nitrate |
Cobalt coating quality balzers - Introduction
Hard and malleable. It can gradually dissolve in dilute hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, and is easily soluble in nitric acid.
Last Update：2022-10-16 17:28:20
Cobalt coating quality balzers - Reference Information
| resistivity | 6.24 ***-CM, 20°C |
| (IARC) carcinogen classification | 2B (Vol. 52) 1991, 2B (Vol. 86) 2006, 2A (Vol. 86) 2006 |
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Introduction | cobalt is a brittle, hard, silver-gray metal that has no odor and no vapor pressure at room temperature, insoluble in water, in addition to ultrafine water-soluble cobalt powder. It is stable in air but chemically reacts with dilute acid and is a non-volatile metal. Cobalt is required in small amounts and is important for life-sustaining. It is the only metal found in vitamins, most importantly as part of vitamin B12, necessary for blood formation. Cobalt is a constituent of many natural minerals, such as sulfides, hydrates, and oxides. Cobalt compounds can occur in different oxidation states (0,+1,+2 ,+3,+4), but the most common oxidation states are +2 and +3. There are 33 isotopes of cobalt, ranging from Co-48 to Co-75, and the Half-Life of cobalt -60 ranges from a few nanoseconds to 5.272 years. Cobalt -59 is the only stable isotope that makes up almost all (about 100%) of the naturally occurring elements on Earth. All other isotopes are radioactive and are made artificially in a nuclear reactor or explosion. |
| physical properties | cobalt is a light blue steel gray metal that can be polished to shine. It is brittle and does not have ductility unless it is alloyed with other metals. The metal cobalt is odorless and black. Different cobalt compounds have different appearance and smell, and the color of dust and smoke is also different. Cobalt has two kinds of allotropes, hexagonal and cubic, hexagonal at room temperature than the square is more stable. Cobalt metal in powder form burns when contacting pentafluoroether bromide, incompatible with molten ammonium nitrate, zirconium hydrogen nitrate and strong oxidants, and should be avoided. The powder cobalt self-ignites in air. Cobalt dissolved in dilute acid, dissolved in water into ultrafine powder. |
| History of discovery | The metal was isolated by Brant in 1735 and confirmed to be an element by Bergman in 1780. Cobalt is widely distributed in nature, but the concentration is very small. It is an essential element of plants and animals (such as vitamin B12). |
| Source | cobalt is widely distributed in nature, but the concentration is very small. Cobalt is the 32th abundant element on Earth, although it accounts for only 0.0025% of the crustal concentration, and its concentration in seawater is about 0.02g/L. Cobalt does not exist in free metal state, and most of the cobalt found on the Earth is distributed in igneous rocks. The two most common ores are CoAsS andalusite [Co3(AsO4)2]. Cobalt is also found in the atmosphere of meteorites, the Sun and other stars. In addition, cobalt is also present in coal and soil, as well as trace elements of animals and plants, it is an essential element of plants and animals (such as vitamin B12), deletion in animals results in growth retardation, anemia, and loss of horn. |
| Application | cobalt exists in cobalt ore, barite and chalcopyrite, often with nickel, silver, lead, copper and iron ore are linked together and are by-products of these ores. It is also present in meteorites. The U.S. Geological Survey announced that there may be deposits of cobalt-rich minerals in the central North Pacific Ocean in the shallower waters near the Hawaii Islands and other US Pacific territories. Cobalt is a brittle, hard metal that is very similar in appearance to iron and nickel. Its permeability is about 2/3 of that of iron. It is made of iron, nickel, and other metal alloys, and this salt has been used for centuries to make bright and permanent blue colors in porcelain, glass, pottery, ceramic tiles, and enamel. It is the main component of Sevre and Thenard blue. Chloride ion solution (CoCl2. 6H2O) was used as the sympathetic ink. Of interest are cobalt amines; Oxides and nitrates are important. Careful use of cobalt in the form of chloride, sulfate, acetate or nitrate has been found to be effective in correcting certain mineral deficiencies in animals. |
| preparation | the method for extracting cobalt from an ore varies depending on the type of ore and the location of the deposit. Arsenite ore is concentrated by manual sorting, gravity separation or froth flotation, and then melted into yellow slag in blast furnace with Coke and limestone, an impure mixture of cobalt and nickel arsenide). It is first ground, baked with salt, and then filtered with water. The insoluble chloride remaining after leaching is ground with sulfuric acid, washed, filtered, and the wash is then added to the liquid of the leaching step. The mixed solution was first oxidized and then neutralized with lime. Basic iron arsenate is precipitated and removed, leaving a solution containing cobalt and nickel. The continuous addition of sodium hydroxide and sodium hypochlorite precipitates the cobalt as a hydroxide, which is initially pure, but is eventually mixed with nickel hydroxide. The cobalt precipitate is dried, ground and formed into pellets, which are reduced to metallic cobalt by heating with charcoal. In general, the production of cobalt involves a variety of physical and chemical processes, including magnetic separation (for arsenic disulfide ores), sulfide roasting (for sulfide ores), ammonia leaching, catalytic reduction and electrolysis. fine cobalt particles can be prepared by reduction of cobalt dichloride and lithium naphthalate in ethylene glycol. |
| health hazards | cobalt is an essential element, deficiency can lead to pernicious anemia, excessive intake of this element may lead to polycythemia or red blood cells and heart lesions. Dust exposure can cause Cough and respiratory tract irritation. Long-term inhalation of its dust or smoke can affect lung function and may cause diffuse nodular fibrosis and other lung diseases. Skin contact may cause allergic reactions to the skin, resulting in allergic dermatitis. Co(II) ions have been reported to be genotoxic and carcinogenic both in vitro and in vivo (De Boeck et al., 2003). Occupational exposure to hard metal (cemented carbide) dust increases the risk of lung cancer. |
| Applications | mainly used in the manufacture of electrical carbon products, friction materials, oil bearing and powder metallurgy structural materials, etc. used for making superhard heat-resistant alloy and magnetic alloy, cobalt compound, Catalyst, etc. |
| category | flammable solid |
| toxicity grade | poisoning |
| Acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50 6171 mg/kg; Intraperitoneal-mouse LDL0: 100 mg/kg |
| explosive hazard characteristics | explosive when mixed with oxygen and air |
| flammability hazard characteristics | exposure to oxygen, flammable in air; Toxic cobalt oxide smoke emitted from fire scene |
| storage and transportation characteristics | low temperature, ventilation, dry; Closed storage |
| extinguishing agent | water, carbon dioxide, foam, dry powder |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
| immediate life-and health-threatening concentration | 20 mg Co/m3 |
Last Update：2024-04-09 20:49:11
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Downstream Products for Cobalt coating quality balzers